Europe knows that its security depends to a large extent on developments in Africa. However, ambitions to play a comprehensive role in shaping these developments have now been curbed, as there are more pressing problems such as Syria and Ukraine. Limiting itself to building African capacities in crisis management could be the strategic way out. The main reasons for European involvement in African regions are the fight against terrorism and migration control. Security is at the top of the list and is also the most important prerequisite for development. The failure or inaction of governments is just as dangerous as terrorists settling in so-called “uncontrolled spaces” from which they harass populations or attack state institutions. In the long term, they can only be successfully combated by local security forces that are supported by the population. However, this apparatus must be subject to the control of a legitimate and effective government – both of which are necessary. International crisis management is therefore increasingly aimed at building civilian and military capacities on the ground. The management of current conflicts is also increasingly in the hands of African forces – see, for example, the joint approach of five states in the Sahel region (G5 initiative). The special involvement of the UN and the EU in Mali is another example of an “indirect approach” that focuses primarily on strengthening existing political and military forces rather than on radical reforms. This may be unambitious or cautious, but it is in line with experience from other engagements (e.g. Afghanistan and Iraq). Building and strengthening local capacities could therefore be a pragmatic strategic approach in line with the old motto “African solutions for African problems”.
Please also read the analysis “The crisis hotspot Africa will not come to rest” by IFK expert Gerald Hainzl. Here you can also find further articles by IFK head Brigadier Walter Feichtinger.
